History of Steam Boilers

Water vapor has been known since the fire was found and started to be used; because steam is formed spontaneously when extinguishing with water or during cooking. The idea of ​​using water vapor in the technique extends to Archimedes (287 – 212 BC), who designed a steam ball. Leonardo da Vinci (1452 – 1519) was the first person to make calculations on this subject. He calculated that a 8 kg weight cannon can be thrown up to 1250 meters away with a steam ball. Denis Papin (1680) was the first to apply the pressure cooker in practice. This first pressure vessel was equipped with a safety valve back then, after the prototype used in the first attempts exploded. Since 1770, the use of the steam machine has made it necessary to deal more closely with water vapor theoretically and practically. James Watt and Carl Gustav Patrik de Laval, who have practically produced and marketed a steam engine, have become assets thanks to their inventions. The advantage of steam over water as a heat carrier fluid is that its thermal capacity is quite high.
The thermal capacity of the steam is 6 times higher than the thermal capacity of the water in the same mass and temperature. The reason for this is that a large amount of evaporation energy is required for the formation of steam and this energy transferred to steam is released again by condensation. An example of this is boiling water. In order for the water in a teapot to be evaporated, heat intake takes a long time. The energy transferred during this time is used only for evaporation, the temperature of the water or steam does not change (100 ° C at normal pressure).

Classification of Steam Boilers

1. According to the places of use:

• Fixed boilers
• Portable boilers
• Locomotive boilers
• Ship steam boilers

2. Steam boilers according to boiler pressures:

• High pressure boilers
• Super critical pressure boilers

3. By January type:

• External hearth boilers
• hearth furnaces

4. By type of fuel used:

• Coal-fired boilers
• Liquid FUEL Boilers
• Gas FUEL Boilers

5. According to the Consortium:

• Smoke pipe boilers1. Flame tube
2. Flame-smoke pipe
3. Water tube boilers
It is possible to classify the boilers according to different criteria.

1. According to the properties of the fluid that takes heat:1. Isı alan akışkanın özelliklerine göre:

a) Hot water boilers (heating boilers)
b) Boiling water boilers
c) Hot oil boilers
d) Steam boilers
1. Low pressure (0.5 bar)
2. High pressure (above 0.5 bar)

2. According to the water volume contained in the boiler:

a) Boilers with large water volumes
b) Small water volume boilers
c) Very small water volume boilers (steam generators)

3. According to the circulation of flame-smoke gases:

a) Flame tube, smoke tube, flame – smoke tube boilers
1 pass (single pass)
2 pass
3 pass
b) Water tube boilers
c) Flame tube-water tube boilers

4. According to the circulation of water:

a) Natural (natural) recirculating boilers
b) Forced circulation boilers

5. According to the fuel it burns:

a) Solid fuel burning boilers
b) Boilers burning liquid fuel
c) Gas-fired boilers
d) Fuel-fired boilers
to
Waste fuel (rotten gas) boilers
g) Electric heat or steam boilers

6. According to the burning cell (furnace) is selected:

a) Internal furnaces
b) External furnace boilers
c) Boilers with front furnace
d) Boilers with back stoves

Special Equipments