What Is The Process Of Coal-Fired Boiler?

The process of a coal-fired boiler involves several key steps to generate steam through the combustion of coal. Here's an overview of the typical process:

1. Fuel Handling and Combustion:

   - Coal is delivered to the boiler site and stored in a coal yard or silo. From the storage area, the coal is transported to the boiler through a system of conveyors or feeders.

   - In the boiler, the coal is pulverized into a fine powder to increase its surface area for efficient combustion. The pulverized coal is then blown into the combustion chamber or furnace.

2. Combustion and Heat Generation:

   - The pulverized coal is ignited in the combustion chamber, where it burns in the presence of air to produce high-temperature gases and heat energy.

   - The heat generated from the combustion process is transferred to water-filled tubes or a water-cooled enclosure surrounding the combustion chamber, leading to the production of high-pressure steam.

3. Steam Generation and Distribution:

   - The high-pressure steam produced in the boiler is collected and directed to a steam drum, where it is separated from any remaining water and impurities.

   - The steam is then distributed through a network of pipes to various industrial processes, power generation equipment, or heating systems, where it is used to transfer heat energy.

4. Emission Control and Ash Handling:

   - During the combustion process, the coal may produce emissions of particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and other pollutants. Advanced emission control systems, such as electrostatic precipitators and flue gas desulfurization units, may be used to reduce emissions.

   - Ash and other combustion byproducts are collected and removed from the boiler through ash handling systems to prevent their release into the environment.

5. Maintenance and Operation:

   - Regular maintenance, including cleaning of boiler tubes, ash removal, and efficient operation practices, is essential for maintaining the performance and efficiency of the coal-fired boiler.

In summary, the process of a coal-fired boiler involves the handling and combustion of coal to generate high-temperature gases and heat energy, which is then transferred to water to produce high-pressure steam for various industrial, commercial, and residential applications. Emission control and maintenance are important aspects of the process to ensure efficient and environmentally responsible operation.